Model Of Nursing And Orems Self Care Model Nursing Essay

Model Of Nursing And Orems Self Care Model Nursing Essay Salvage (2006) reports the RLT model is based on what is considered as twelve activities of living. The model determines that physical/biological, psychological, sociocultural, environmental and politicoeconomical factors all influence the way in which an individual performs these activities of living (Salvage, 2006). Healy and Timmins (2003) further add that activities of living are one of five main components that are all interconnected. Progression along the lifespan, the dependence/independence continuum, factors influencing the activities of living and the individuality in living completing the final four components. They state the model is one that focuses on the patient as an individual engaged in living throughout a lifespan and moving from dependence to independence according to age, circumstances and environment (Healy Timmins, 2003, p. 792). Healy and Timmins (2003) identify the model is used to identify a patients abilities in each of the twelve activities of living and use this data as a guide to develop an individualised care plan. Meleis (2012) defines Orems framework as one that identifies patients needs and the resulting nursing intervention necessary to enhance self-care. Johnson and Webber (2010) explain Orems Model has three interrelated concepts theory of self-care, theory of self-care deficit and theory of nursing systems. According to Orem, people require assistance when their ability to meet their own self-care needs becomes compromised (Horan, 2004). Orem identifies three categories of self-care common to all people, believing when an individual is unable to meet these needs a self-care deficit occurs (Berman et al, 2012; Fitzpatrick Whall, 2005). Orems model assesses a patients self-care ability to determine the deficit in meeting their own care. Once the deficit is established, one of five methods can be implemented to meet the patients self-care needs. Depending on the patients abilities to perform their own self-care, one of three nursing systems is utilized to meet the needs of the patient (Be rman et al, 2012). Nurses have a responsibility to consider legal and ethical issues that need to be employed when performing health assessments. Legal issues, according to Berman et al (2012) include consent, confidentiality, duty of care and negligence whilst ethical issues include non-maleficence, beneficence, respect for autonomy and justice. Otherwise known as the four principles of bioethics (Atkins, Britton de Lacey, 2011, p. 88). The Australian Nursing and Midwifery Council [ANMC] have developed codes and guidelines that are a minimum standard of practice that a nurse is expected to maintain. When performing health assessments nurses must perform within their scope of practice which is based on education, knowledge, competency, extent of experience and lawful authority (ANMC, 2008). Atkins, Britton and de Lacey (2011) identify the position of power a nurse holds over a patient because of their inability to meet certain self-care needs and their reliance on the assistance of a nurse. They describe the relationship that exists between nurse and patient as a fiduciary relationship (Atkins, Britton de Lacey, 2011, p. 82). Central to this relationship is cooperation with the patient, with him/her an active member of the decision making process (Atkins, Britton de Lacey, 2011). It is recognised that the nurse has technical knowledge and expert advice however lacks sufficient knowledge and authority over a patients life. Therefore the nurse lacks the expertise to make significant decisions without the patients consent. A patient must consent to any health assessment being performed, however, the nurse first must provide sufficient and relevant information about the assessment being undertaken. Any framework implemented in the nursing environment will always come with strengths and limitations. Whilst not practising the Self-Care Model as Orem packaged it, Johnson and Webber (2010) state nurses have embraced the logic of self-care as therapeutic. This has resulted in them focusing their care focused towards helping patients meet their self-care needs rather than performing these for them. This promotes patient independence and maximizes nursing resource. Nurses have integrated principles of the model into diverse practice settings including different cultures and the world. Horan (2004) presented the use of Orems model in the field of intellectual disability and initially believed the model was too complex for successful application in this arena. His view changed when he saw the benefit the model provided to cater for individuals, with total care for one patient or just education and support for another. Meleis (2012) highlights the versality of the model with its use in preoperative and postoperative care, psychiatric, palliative and HIV patient care, ranging from geriatric patients to adolescents and children. Fitzpatrick and Whall (2005) identify the model is relevant, noting its implementation in many health care institutions. Ths suggesting the model is flexible and adaptable to form an individual care plan that will meet an array of patient needs. Orems model provides a framework for intervention and in her own words states self-care deficit theory of nursing will fit into any nursing situation because it is a general theory, that is, an explanat ion of what is common to all nursing situations, not just an explanation of an individual situation (Meleis, 2012, p. 208). Irrespective of these strengths, Johnson and Webber (2010) believe Orems model is detailed and burdened with complicated language. Meleis (2012) supports their idea, suggesting the model is ambiguous, lacks clarity and can result in misinterpretation. Fitzpatrick and Whall (2005) state the theory can be viewed as culturally biased due to the fact it relies on principles such as autonomy, self-determinism and self-reliance. Principles that are not adopted in all cultures. Orems model addresses how nursing actions function to enhance health therefore being a valuable tool in the lives of those whose ability to self-care is thwarted. However, Fitzpatrick and Whall (2005) argue it may not make the same impact in health prevention care and promoting health. They claim its focus on self-care deficits resulting from health problems excludes a health promotion focus. Meleis (2012) supports this claim concluding that as nursing shifts to more community focus, the model will need to be supplemented with focus on health prevention and promotion care. Johnson and Webber (2010) identify that nursing would benefit from principles from a range of frameworks to enhance holistic assessment rather than limiting its practice to the boundaries of one single framework. This essay has discussed RLT Model of Nursing and Orems Self-Care Model as health care frameworks that can be used when collecting heath assessment data. It outlined legal and ethical issues underpinning the nurse-patient relationship and how these must direct any interaction with the patient when conducting health assessment. Finally, it brought attention to the strengths and weaknesses when using Orems Self-Care Model, evidence showing whilst there are limitations to the model, there are attributes that make it valuable. Whilst the clarity of the model seemed questionable due to language used, the ability the model has to cater for patients with varying capacities proved it flexible and adaptable, encouraging and promoting patient independence.

Do Prisons Rehabilitate? Essay -- essays research papers

Do Prisons Rehabilitate? In this essay, I shall be focusing on the whether or Prisons rehabilitate offenders. I will do this by focusing mainly on the Prison Service in England & Wales, the reason for this, being that the data and statistics for England & Wales are easier to obtain than that of other countries. The main information I will be referring to will be the rates of conviction, types of imprisonment, types of non-custodial sentences. Also I will explore some of the current methods of offender rehabilitation. Her Majesty’s Prison Service is composed of two main types of prisons, they are open and closed prisons. Following the Mountbatten Report (1965) Prisoners were placed into security categories, ranging from category A (high risk prisoner - escape would pose a serious risk to the public or state) to category D (low risk prisoner - can be trusted in open prison conditions). Prisons have four major purposes, they are; retribution, incapacitation, deterrence and rehabilitation. Retribution means punishment for crimes against society. Prisons serve to deprive criminals of their freedom is a way of making them pay a debt to society for their crimes. Incapacitation refers to the removal of criminals from society so that they can no longer harm innocent people. Deterrence means the prevention of future crime, it is hoped that bye imprisoning a criminal, it deters them from committing the crime again and also deters others from committing crime. Rehabilitation refers to activities designed to change criminals into law abiding citizens, and may include providing educational courses in prison, teaching job skills and offering counselling with a psychologist or social worker. Over many years the focus of the prison service has switched between the four purposes, therefore at different times in history the importance of rehabilitation has fluctuated. â€Å"Her Majesty’s Prison Service serves the public by keeping in custody those committed by the courts. Our duty is to look after them with humanity and help them lead law-abiding and useful lives in custody and after release.† http://www.hmprisonservice.gov.uk/lrgtxt.asp The above statement of purpose is that of Her Majesty’s Prison Service. As can be seen from the statement, there seems to be a focus on incapacitation and rehabilitation. Over many years, people’s attitude towards how to deal with pr... ...are often sentenced when nothing else has worked and in effect the system has given up. The prison service has no control over the prisoners that they take in, and therefore as the offenders stay in custody is forced rehabilitation will not be effective unless the offender wants to be rehabilitated. REFERENCES Internet Sites All of the below listed sites were last accessed on 10/12/2002 http://www.dfes.gov.uk/prisonerlearning/init_p.cfm?ID=13 http://www.dfes.gov.uk/prisonerlearning/init_p.cfm?ID=17 http://www.guardian.co.uk/prisons/story/0,7369,747482,00.html http://www.hmprisonservice.gov.uk/lrgtxt.asp http://www.hmprisonservice.gov.uk/news/newstext.asp?272 http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/prishist.htm http://society.guardian.co.uk/mentalhealth/story/0,8150,682850,00.html http://www.learn.co.uk/yvote/debates/crimeprisonpro.htm http://www.socialexclusionunit.gov.uk/publications/reports/html/Reducing_Re-offending/chap ter_one.htm http://www.socialexclusionunit.gov.uk/publications/reports/html/Reducing_Re-offending/chap ter_two.htm http://www.socialexclusionunit.gov.uk/publications/reports/html/Reducing_Re-offending/chap ter_five.htm http://www.stoptheaca.org/purpose.html

Factors that Effet the Price Depreciation of a Car :: Economics Transportation Essays

Factors that Effet the Price Depreciation of a Car What factors effect the Price depreciation of a car and how? As a common teenager I am reaching the legal driving age and will soon require a car. As for most teenagers my age a new car is expensive so a second hand car would by more appropriate. For this project I will be looking at cars from two data sources: * The Primary Source. I will be doing my own research by using an "Auto Freeway" magazine for second hand cars and a "What Car?" magazine to find the prices of the cars when they are new. (Information Provided: Car Make, Car Model, Price When New. Price Second Hand, Age, Colour, Engine Size, Mileage) * The Secondary Source. I will be provided with this data. (Information Provided: Car Make, Car Model, Price When New. Price Second Hand, Age, Colour, Engine Size, Mileage, MPG, Fuel Type, Service History, MOT, Tax, Owners, Insurance Group, Doors, Seats, Style, Gearbox, Central Locking, Air Conditioning, Airbags) Since the magazine is not a totally reliable source I could not research as much information for the primary source as the secondary source. After I have 100 results of each source I will use systematic sampling by selecting every second car to cut my results into half from both sources. I will compare both sources. With my results I will calculate the Price Depreciation (%) showing by how much percent the car has decreased from the (Price When New). I suspect that there will be several trends and patterns in the results. The lack of information in the primary source means that I can only make 3 successful hypotheses: * The Older the car the higher the Price Depreciation * The Higher the Mileage the higher the Price Depreciation * The Engine Size would have a very little correlation if any, but if it does the correlation would be, the Bigger the Engine Size the Lower the Price Depreciation To get my primary data I will be using a random sampling. To do this I will use the random button on my calculator. I will pres it twice: first time I will take the last two digits for the page number and then I will press it again and use the last 2 digits for the car number in the page. If there is no such page or car then I will repeat the procedure. I am using Random Sampling because since I don't get told what order the cars are in. Due to this Cluster Sampling cannot be used because the group selected could be only for one make of cars.

Edgar Allen Poe: A great American Icon :: essays research papers

Edgar Allan Poe’s unique, fearless and morbid writing style has influenced literature throughout the world. He was once titled the "master of the macabre" (Buranelli, 57). One of the aspects in his life with which he struggled was social isolation. He used this as a topic in a number of poems and short stories. Poe's life was also filled with periods of fear and irrationality. He had a very sensitive side when it came to the female gender, any woman he was ever close to died at an early age. Another of his major battles, actually the only one he really lost, was his struggle with alcoholism. Of all these topics, Poe's favorites were the death of a beautiful woman, a feeling, which he knew all too well, and the general topic of death. Edgar Allan Poe endured a very difficult life and this is evident in his literary style. Suffering through several periods of fear and irrationality during his life, Poe included those experiences in many of his more famous works. One of these periods involved experiences in joining the army in order to get away from his foster father after the death of his foster mother (Buranelli, 13). These periods of fear and irrationality were the cause of his misfortune and poor social status. His peers for these episodes looked him down upon. Poe expressed this theme throughout almost all of his short stories and poems. "Many of his stories exhibited abnormal states of mind and are constructed in terms of a single mad obsession†(Buranelli, 28). His insane ways made his work stand out from the normal short story, or poem. He was able to twist his stories and poems around in a way that almost seemed real, and was definitely intriguing. An example of this could be found in the â€Å"Black Cat†(Harrison, 257). The character took the eyes out of the first cat and then killed it. After that he proceeded to "accidentally" kill his wife with an ax, and bury her in a wall. Another example of Poe's insanity demonstrated within his works was located in â€Å"The Tell Tale Heart† (Harrison, 555), where Edgar stalked a man and eventually killed him. He then dismembered the body, took out his heart, and buried the man under the house. He later confessed to the police because he believed he could hear the heartbeat of the man.

Analyzing Pro Forma Statements Essay

Financial statements that are prepared by a company to consider the effects of potential activity is considered a pro forma statements. A financial statement shows the projected or forecast of operating results and balance sheet, and statement of cash flows. The company XYZ Company Inc. is planning to expand their company in the next five years. This paper will review and discuss XYZ’s Company’s five year plan to expand to their organization. The XYZ Companies pro forma income statement is projected for the next five years which accounts for a 10% increase in gross sales for each of the five years. Financial managers use Proforma statements to assist financial managers to plan accordingly in terms of the company’s financial needs. By acquiring the company’s future income statement and balance sheets, managers can determine how much financing is needed and when it is needed. The Proforma analysis has become the proven tool that can be instrumental for general managers in the planning of employment intensities, inventory and problem solving issues. Proforma can also be used for more than just a forecasting tool. It can also be used for creating mid-stream corrections, evaluate variances, gauge weaknesses, strengths and evaluating performance during the budgeting period. By forecasting Proforma statements are created to predict balances at a certain date followed by combining them with a financial statement format. Acquiring the forces that influence them, one can determined how account balances are forecasted and project how the accounts may be influenced. The following is used to illustrate the ProForma’s five year projection process for XYZ’s Company. Revenue will increase twice in the year 2011 and afterwards continue to increase 10% in the next year. Cost of revenue will be based on total sales percentage. Presented is the Performa statement of the organization for the next five years. XYZ Company Inc.: 2011|2012|2013|2104|2015 It has been established that in the above Proforma balance sheet one has assumed that current liability and current asset has increased in the ratio of sales. In addition, the company has taken on a loan to meet the capital expansion as well as working capital’s needs. Reference University of Phoenix, (2015) â€Å"Analyzing Pro Forma Statements† retrieved from https://newclassroom3.phoenix.edu/Classroom/#/contextid/OSIRIS:44656217/context/co/view/activityDetails/activity/53c06956-87e9-4050-8ecc-815e914705e0/expan

Is the death penalty racist against blacks? Essay

I. Introduction There atomic number 18 several queries which came up in my wondering(prenominal) mind and try to discover and quail at what argon the possible grounds that judiciaries be basing his/her verdict and judgment in sentencing goal penalisation to a defendant or the acc employ himself. destruction punishment is the heaviest and roughly depressing sentence for the accused thus, it ends his panoramas to change. bob up to think of it, the accused provide non be given a chance to renew himself and become a give let away citizen in our country. Several countries around the lump be in favor to such(prenominal) be and level off legalized it. scarce do we in truth hit the right to set death penalization to an accused? Is this act non a violation of gracious rights? Where did death penalisation start? Does it truly help lessen the growing crimes? Or cant we just figure an new(prenominal) alternative to lessen crimes? These are some of my queries and up t o now, I am trying to date both arguments of professional person and anti. I do understand why there are group of flock support this kind of penalization or sentence. These are the group of people who engage justice for those who are badly treated, maltreat and harmed and most of these people also underg one and only(a) such mistreatments or maybe their love ones. just how about if the accused is not really the one who commit the crime, is just throw a bureau up and does not comport seemly evidences to prove he is not inculpatory of it? And in practicing such law, does death penalty will not show biases, racism, and prejudices of whom the judiciaries will give such sentence? Furthermore, accord to others that death penalty is the best way to control and lessen crimes. It has been an argument not only in the unite States of the States but as well as around the globe. The death penalty is well-thought-out by most cultured and enlightened nation-states as an inhumane and c allous sentence or chastisement.In addition, death penalty has been de facto by 106 countries and since 1990, there were about 30 nation-states which have govern an end to it. Moreover, the death penalty has continuously put into practice in some nations such as the elected Republic of Congo, the United States of America, Iran and China which are the most profuse executioners in the globe. However, world(prenominal)ist official papers have labored and in several circumstances even banned the death penalty, its function and relevance does not contradict customary international law.Ample debates have continued in the United States of America as to whether it comprises a suitable chastisement at to the lowest degree to the most dreadful crimes (see Human Rights finish Penalty. Derechos Human Rights). Moreover, this issue has been continually debated in United States of America receivable to its fact that racism is almost premise every time a examine makes a sentence for the d efendant or accused. The illustration below shows the racial dislocation of district Attorneys* in United States finis Penalty States and was taken from the website http//www. deathpenaltyinfo. org/article. php? scid=45&did=539.The focal points of this study are to (1) understand what death penalty is (2) figure out how death penalty arises or starts (3) be aware of the different methods used to follow up people (4) recognize the spectral views on death penalty (5) find out if there is any racism involve in performing death penalty and (2) acquaint us the number of executions performed and the dry wash who faced death penalty payable to racism in different states of United States of America (6) know the public notion polls on the death penalty issue (7) learn the death penalty statistics and (8) recommend possible remedies or alternatives to subvert death penalty.II. Background A. What is death penalty? Death penalty is considered as a majuscule punishment and is an execut ion of a convicted offender by the State which serves as chastisement for crimes committed which is recognized and called as capital offenses or capital crimes. Death penalty is the most discussed issue in penalizing or sentencing the convicted criminal.The term capital was taken from a Latin word capitalis that refers to concerning the stop thus, to be susceptible to capital punishment would simply refers to metaphorically lose ones head. Moreover, the United States of America, majority of the Caribbean, Guatemala and other democracies in Africa and China continue to have its approval on death penalty but amongst of those democratic nations globally, majority of the European and Latin American states have put an end with the capital punishment.While on countries that are not democratic by nature, the death penalty execution is not unusual yet not do by all. There are veritable crimes that are specified by laws that get to be sentenced with death penalty depending on countries w here the crime committed. Nowadays, most countries that practiced and use death penalty used it as a punishment for crimes such as treason, part of the forces justice, murder and espionage.But for Muslim countries, death penalty is used as punishment for offenses such as sexual crimes (which include sodomy and adultery) and religious crimes care apostasy (abandonment of ones faith and belief). There are countries too that considered drug trafficking as a capital offense and in China, serious cases of embed and corruption and human trafficking are sentenced by death penalty. But in the military world, death penalty is practiced for offenses like desertion, mutiny insubordination and cowardice (Bailey, Harris, & Jones, 2005).

Individual delivery of a learning and development session plus 2000 words reflection

our land site CUSTOM ESSAY WRITING How to engage in a conversation with clients that would blend in to sales? image A Lesson PlanThe special(a)ized group of use upersFor this study the unique(predicate) group of learners include the sales and marketing attaches committed to sales agent who deals with rail mode cars.The training demandThe training totals the ineluctably of liveledge how to pitch their sales to the latent guests as it was always difficult to pitch sales to electric effectiveness drop car clients. Un manage in opposite markets where in that respect was only one product in the machine market at that place were diametrical geeks of products that met various necessitate of the customers. thusly it was necessary to train the new employees how to take in the customers during the initial conversation. It was important to train the trainees how to learn the needs of the customers and meet those needs by helping the customer to select a car that wo uld meet their potential needs. The other need was to create confidence among the trainees to search client and to subscribe to tough questions.The overall stick of the whole noesisThe overall aim of the training was to check the trainees with the sales friendship on how to engage a conversation with clients that would lead to sales. The aim was to help the trainees to translate the potential clients needs without branch inquire the price and the money that the customer has. The specific aims were to teach how to take away questions that lead to sales and how to grip from discussing price and discuss the abide by of move. study outcomesThe instruction outcomes ar improved understanding of the sales concepts much(prenominal) as require question and having discussion that make the customer understand the value of the automobiles that he or she is release to purchase.Overall metreline of the session including the content heading and contentTable 1 session and co ntent SessionContent IntroductionDefine pitching as the might to persuade the client by having appropriate lyric poem and data concerning the products. It is convincing the clients that the product has the electrical condenser to meet the customer needs and wants. LecturesTeach clients approximately asking questions, pitching and asking client questions that leave lead to closure of the sale. power laughersOrganise trainees into pairs where one of them acts as a salesman and the other as clientTable 2Mini littleon broadcast Time durationLearning and development methodTrainer activityLearner luckicipationAids and resources0-1st minuteIntroductionDefine pitching as the ability to convince the client by having appropriate words and information concerning the products. It is convincing the clients that the product has the capacity to meet the customer needs and wants.Take notesPower point1-5th minuteLecturesTeach clients about asking questions, pitching and asking client q uestions that will lead to closure of the sale. Taking notesPower point6-tenth minuteRole play to chance upon of tuitionOrganise trainees into pairs where one of them acts as a salesman and the other as clientThe scholarly person will act as a salesman while the other scholars will act as the purchase with a certain cypher and is facial expression for a car model that can fit within that model. Each student will amaze to act as a salesmen and a client. This will be through by organisation the students in groups of two. The student will act in motility of the class.A classroom11-12th minuteBrainstorm on potential questions to ask clientsAsk students the surmount type of questions to ask clients turn in two questions they would ask a potential customer that would make them know the customer and the need that the customer has.The student to provide tow questions that they would ask potential automobile client.A vent with open ended questions that the sales man should ask cl ients 13 15th minute Question and answersEvaluate students on their ability to ask questions that make the customers to explain their needs. They will excessively be valued on the backside of the answers and personal obtained from the client such as budget and the car model the client is looking for or the functionalities that the client is looking for in car.Students to fill in a form indicating what pieces they shit played and the questions they hand formulated as well as newsmonger what was interesting and what they demand wise to(p) about the lesson.A notebook computerThe lesson will considered to be effective ground on the students understanding of the sales concepts such as asking questions and having discussion that make the customer understand the value of the automobiles that he or she is going to purchase.Task B Personal ReflectionIntroductionThis is a observance on how I planned the lesson and the activities that were underinterpreted to teach students about e xecuting correct auto sales. Various familiarity and theories about possible action of skill were employed in this research to chequer that the lesson was effective and it attained the research objective lenss of making the student understand how to execute good auto sales. The initial part is the introductory function. The second part of this reflection reflects on the lesson plan and takes into the consideration the theory that was use in planning the lesson and the learning activities. The third section measured the strong point of the lesson. The fourth section reflects on what happened in the work aspect of the lesson and what has been learnt from this experience.Plan for the lesson and the theory taken into considerationIn planning for this lesson, I was aware of three learning theories which were the behaviourism, cognitivism and constructivism. The behaviourism holds that teaching should be behaviour orientated and it should make the learners to respond in a part icular way through stimuli-response (Salsbury and Melinda, 2008). This means that the teachers should provide stimuli and considerateness the learners to respond to the stimuli in particular way. This means for antecedent hearing a door bell cost increase should lead to the response of opening the door (Fink, 2005). except this theory is somely applicable in kindly and in behavioural training such as training soldiers and members of the discipline forces which was not the case for this lesson. Learning is assessed through drills and authoritative keep experiences.The other learning theory that could be applied in learning is the cognitive theory. This theory holds that information can be retained in memory through hash out cognitive activities such as memorising and doing mental examples. The exercise should be enhanced through internal bear upon of information. The cognitive learning theory holds that learning is student based and should be examined through exclusive a ssessments.The other learning theory that could be utilize in designing the lesson plan is the constructivism which holds that learning is based on the individuals interpretation of the information and knowledge. It holds that there is no single way of interpreting and applying knowledge as each person has their own viewpoints and experiences that charm their world view (Mccrea, 2015). Therefore every individual is expected to act differently and to understand the provided knowledge distinctly from the other person. When using this theory the most applicable teaching methods included brainstorming, case studies, role models or bureau contend, and problem based learning.In my lesson the constructivism was used to impart knowledge to the students. The theory was preferred because the lesson center on the sales training which was based on experiences of greatest salesmen. There was no given way of doing sales as different people had done it differently depending with the customer s and the types of products and service that they were selling (Serdyukov and Ryan, 2008). Sales was also dependent on the types of customers as each type of customer had varying needs when purchasing an automobile as some valued automobiles that were luxurious others precious exercise such as speed and acceleration. different customers wanted low costs automobiles such and then price was the most significant consideration. Others wanted to hold the environment and wanted vehicles that were environmentally friendly such as the hybrid vehicles. This meant for one to be a great salesmen they had first to understand the individual customer and then apply the knowledge that they have on selling on the individual customer (Salsbury and Melinda, 2008). Therefore constructivist appeal was the most appropriate learning approach that could be employed in teaching the learners about good auto sales. When using this theory the learning activities included role compete and simulation a ctivities that included simulating sales scenario and the type of conversations that occur between the potential customers and the salesmen (Salsbury and Melinda, 2008).How the success of the lesson was assessedThe first way of assessing the effectiveness of the lesson was ensuring that the learning objectives were met. The learning objectives for this study were met. The first objective of this lesson was to vouch that the students dumb how to ask questions that led to sales. The second objective was to ensure that the students learned how to discuss the value of the automobile rather than the price of the automobiles. The other way that the effectiveness of the lesson was identified was through participation of the students in the lesson activities (Zimmerman, 2015). all(prenominal) the students that were involved in the lessons activities retained more than knowledge than those who were not involved. For instance one of the ways of ensuring that the students understood the le sson was asking them to participate in role playing where they will act as a salesman and client. Those who managed to ask the open ended questions that made the client to chat about themselves and the need that was to be met by the automobile were considered to have understood the lesson or the content for that learning. as well as the students who discussed the value of the car more than the price were considered to have met the objective of the lesson. However, assessing the effectiveness of the lesson was difficult especially because the time allocated for the lesson was not adequate for all the students to participate in the role play. However, it ensured that each individual understood and learned to apply the selling techniques on their own individuals capacity based on the clients needs.Activities during the practice and what I got from the practice One of the matters that happened during the practice is that the students were excited about the lesson activities. The stud ents wanted to participate in formulating the appropriate questions that they should ask potential automobile clients. The activity was the most interesting part and each student participated in formulating questions that they would ask a potential customers. However some of the students who were not positive did not participate.The other aspect that was interesting to the students was that of role playing. The students played according to kind groups which made it interesting. around of the client were tough and made the lesson exactly like what would happen to a car salesman. However those who were startle did not perform well in the role playing because they asked direct questions that could be answered fast (Skowron, 2010). On assessing the students based on their participants in role playing most of the confident students who were outgoing had better performance than the shy students. In the written test most of the student had better scores indicating that the information was highly retained by the students after the role play and simulation of a sales scenario (Zuiker, et al., 2016). The students were also euphoric and excited because they were actively involved in the lesson. found on this experience the most important thing I have learnt is that the students have the capacity to learn on their own with minimal guidance. I illustrious that to be effective the teacher should incorporate more doing activities in the lesson because they helped the student to apply knowledge in real life situation other than having supposititious knowledge only. However, the time allocated for the lesson was not enough to include more activities in the lesson plan.ConclusionThe reflection has echoed the learning that has been accrue during the preparation of the lesson plans. The exercise has helped me to put into use theories of learning employed in teaching. I have famed that each theory applies in different scenario based on the subject being taught. I have no ted that involvement of the student in real life activities through role playing and simulation was effective especially in teaching studies that essential application of knowledge in strict life situation like selling to customers who are different and need differing products. ReferencesFink, D. L. (2005) Integrated course design. Manhattan, KS The IDEA Center.Mccrea, P. (2015) number Lesson Planning A practical approach to doing less and achieving more in the classroom. Brighton Teacherly.Salsbury, E. and Melinda, S. (2008) Lesson Planning A Research-Based dumbfound for K-12 Classrooms. Alexandria, VA Prentice Hall.Serdyukov, P. and Ryan, M. (2008) Writing Effective Lesson Plans The 5-Star Approach. Boston Allyn & Bacon.Skowron, J. (2010) herculean Lesson Planning Every Teachers Guide to Effective Instruction. 10th edn. Thousand Oaks, CA Corwin Press.Zimmerman, B. (2015) Self-Regulated Learning Theories, Measures, and Outcomes, International encyclopaedia of the Social & Beha vioral Sciences, pp. 541-546.Zuiker, S., Anderson, K., Jordan, M. and Stewart, O. (2016) Complementary lenses Using theories of situativity and complexity to understand collaborative learning as systems-level social activity, Learning, Culture and Social Interaction, 9(11), pp. 80-94